Yog tias koj txuas rau lwm lub computer hauv Is Taws Nem, tej zaum koj yuav xav khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv kom nyab xeeb. SSH yog ib txoj hauv kev los pab ua qhov ntawd. Txhawm rau kom nws tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum teeb tsa SSH kom raug ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim kev sib txuas encrypted rau koj lub server. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov, txhawm rau kev sib txuas kom ruaj ntseg, ob qho kawg ntawm qhov txuas yuav tsum muaj SSH qhib. Ua raws li phau ntawv qhia no kom paub tseeb tias koj qhov kev sib txuas muaj kev nyab xeeb li sai tau.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Txuas Thawj Zaug
Kauj Ruam 1. Nruab SSH
Rau Windows, koj yuav tsum rub tawm thiab teeb tsa SSH tus thov kev pabcuam. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog Cygwin, uas muaj pub dawb los ntawm tus tsim tawm lub vev xaib. Rub tawm thiab teeb tsa nws zoo li koj xav tau lwm qhov haujlwm. Lwm qhov kev pabcuam pub dawb yog PuTTY.
- Thaum lub sijhawm Cygwin teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum xaiv teeb tsa OpenSSH los ntawm ntu Net.
- Linux thiab Mac OS X tuaj nrog SSH twb tau teeb tsa hauv kab ke. Qhov no yog vim SSH yog UNIX system, thiab Linux thiab OS X tau muab los ntawm UNIX.
- Yog tias koj muaj Windows 10 nrog Kev Hloov Kho Ib Hlis, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa Windows Subsystem rau Linux uas los nrog SSH preinstalled.
Kauj Ruam 2. Khiav SSH
Qhib lub davhlau ya nyob twg program uas tau teeb tsa los ntawm Cygwin, lossis Bash ntawm Ubuntu ntawm Windows rau Windows 10, lossis qhib Terminal hauv OS X lossis Linux. SSH siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg interface los cuam tshuam nrog lwm lub khoos phis tawj. Tsis muaj lub nraub qaum cuam tshuam rau SSH, yog li koj yuav tsum tau txais kev yooj yim ntaus hauv cov lus txib.
Kauj Ruam 3. Kuaj qhov kev sib txuas
Ua ntej koj dhia mus rau hauv kev tsim cov yuam sij ruaj ntseg thiab txav cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav xav sim tias SSH tau teeb tsa zoo hauv koj lub khoos phis tawj nrog rau cov kab ke uas koj txuas nrog. Nkag mus rau cov lus txib hauv qab no, hloov nrog koj lub npe siv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, thiab nrog qhov chaw nyob rau lub khoos phis tawj lossis server deb:
-
$ ssh @
-
Yog tias koj xav qhia qhov chaw nres nkoj, ntxiv
-P000 ib
- (hloov 0000 nrog tus lej chaw nres nkoj xav tau).
- Koj yuav raug nug rau koj tus password thaum tsim kev sib txuas. Koj yuav tsis pom tus cursor txav los lossis cov cim nkag thaum koj ntaus koj tus password.
- Yog tias cov kauj ruam no tsis ua tiav, tom qab ntawv SSH tau teeb tsa tsis raug ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj lossis lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb tsis lees txais SSH kev sib txuas.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Kawm Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag mus rau SSH plhaub
Thaum koj xub txuas rau lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, koj yuav tsum nyob hauv koj phau ntawv HOME. Txhawm rau txav ib puag ncig cov qauv txheej txheem, siv
ua cd
hais kom ua:
-
cd ua..
- yuav txav koj mus rau ib phau ntawv teev npe.
-
ua cd
- yuav txav koj mus rau hauv cov ntawv teev npe tshwj xeeb.
-
cd/tsev/directory/path/
- yuav txav koj mus rau hauv cov npe teev tseg los ntawm lub hauv paus (tsev).
-
cd ~ ib
- yuav xa koj mus rau koj phau ntawv HOME.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas koj cov npe tam sim no cov ntsiab lus
Txhawm rau pom cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntawv tais ceev tseg hauv koj qhov chaw nyob tam sim no, koj tuaj yeem siv
ls ua
hais kom ua:
-
ls ua
- yuav teev tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv tais ceev tseg hauv koj phau ntawv teev npe tam sim no.
-
ls hli
- yuav teev cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov npe nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv xws li qhov loj me, kev tso cai, thiab hnub tim.
-
ls ua
- yuav teev tag nrho cov ntsiab lus suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv zais thiab cov ntawv tais ceev tseg.
Kauj Ruam 3. Luam cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm koj qhov chaw mus rau lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb
Yog tias koj xav tau luam cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj hauv zos mus rau lub khoos phis tawj koj tau nkag mus tau deb, koj tuaj yeem siv
ua scp
hais kom ua:
-
scp /localdirectory/example1.txt @:
- yuav luam theej tawm example1.txt mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb. Koj tuaj yeem tso qhov khoob rau luam rau lub hauv paus nplaub tshev ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb.
-
scp @:/tsev/example1.txt./
- yuav txav mus example1.txt los ntawm cov npe hauv tsev ntawm lub khoos phis tawj deb mus rau phau ntawv teev npe tam sim no ntawm lub khoos phis tawj hauv zos.
Kauj Ruam 4. Luam cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub plhaub
Koj tuaj yeem siv lub
cp xov
hais kom ua luam theej tawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv tib lub npe lossis rau hauv cov npe uas koj xaiv:
-
cp piv txwv 1.txt piv txwv 2.txt
- yuav tsim ib daim qauv piv txwv.t.t hu ua example2.txt nyob rau tib qhov chaw.
-
cp piv txwv 1.txt /
- yuav tsim ib daim qauv ntawm example1.txt hauv qhov chaw teev tseg los ntawm.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txav mus thiab hloov npe cov ntaub ntawv
Yog tias koj xav hloov cov ntaub ntawv lub npe lossis txav nws yam tsis tau theej, koj tuaj yeem siv
mv vwm
hais kom ua:
-
mv piv txwv 1.txt piv txwv 2.txt
- yuav hloov npe example1.txt rau example2.txt. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav nyob hauv qhov chaw qub.
-
mv phau ntawv teev npe 1 phau ntawv teev npe 2
- yuav hloov npe directory1 rau directory2. Cov ntawv teev cov ntsiab lus yuav tsis hloov pauv.
-
mv piv txwv 1.txt directory1/
- yuav txav example1.txt rau hauv directory1.
-
mv piv txwv 1.txt directory1/piv txwv 2.txt
- yuav txav example1.txt rau hauv directory1 thiab hloov nws mus rau example2.txt
Kauj Ruam 6. Rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov npe
Yog tias koj xav tshem txhua yam ntawm lub khoos phis tawj uas koj txuas nrog, koj tuaj yeem siv
rm ua
hais kom ua:
-
rm np1.txt
- yuav rho tawm cov ntawv piv txwv.t.txt.
-
rm exampleI example1.txt
- yuav rho tawm cov ntawv piv txwv.t.txt tom qab hais kom koj lees paub.
-
rm phau ntawv teev npe 1/
- yuav tshem tawm cov npe 1 thiab tag nrho nws cov ntsiab lus.
Kauj Ruam 7. Hloov kev tso cai rau koj cov ntaub ntawv
Koj tuaj yeem hloov txoj cai nyeem thiab sau cov cai ntawm koj cov ntaub ntawv siv
chmod
hais kom ua:
-
chmod u+w example1.txt
yuav ntxiv qhov kev sau (hloov kho) tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv rau tus neeg siv (u). Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv thov
g
hloov kho rau pawg tso cai lossis
o
- rau ntiaj teb kev tso cai.
-
chmod g+r piv txwv 1.txt
- yuav ntxiv qhov nyeem (nkag mus) tso cai rau cov ntawv rau pawg.
- Muaj cov npe loj ntawm kev tso cai uas koj tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv lossis qhib ntau yam ntawm koj lub kaw lus.
Kauj Ruam 8. Kawm lwm yam lus txib yooj yim
Muaj ob peb qhov lus txib tseem ceeb ntxiv uas koj yuav tau siv me ntsis hauv lub plhaub interface. Lawv suav nrog:
-
mkdir tshiab directory
- yuav tsim cov subdirectory tshiab hu ua newdirectory.
-
pwd pw
- yuav tso koj qhov chaw nyob tam sim no.
-
who
- qhia leej twg tau nkag mus rau hauv qhov system.
-
pib newfile.txt
los yog
vi newfile.txt
- yuav tsim ib daim ntawv tshiab thiab qhib cov ntaub ntawv editor. Cov kab ke sib txawv yuav muaj cov hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv teeb tsa. Feem ntau yog pico thiab vi. Koj yuav xav tau siv cov lus txib sib txawv yog tias koj tau teeb tsa cov ntawv sib txawv hloov kho.
Kauj Ruam 9. Tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm ib qho lus txib
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias yuav hais kom ua dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem siv
txiv neej
hais kom kawm paub txog txhua qhov ua tau siv thiab tsis:
-
txiv neej
- yuav tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov lus txib ntawd.
-
neeg k
- yuav tshawb nrhiav txhua tus txiv neej nplooj ntawv rau lo lus tseem ceeb uas koj qhia.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Tsim Cov Ntsiab Lus Nkag Nkag
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsim koj tus lej SSH
Cov yuam sij no yuav tso cai rau koj txuas mus rau qhov chaw nyob deb uas tsis tas yuav nkag mus rau koj tus password txhua lub sijhawm. Nov yog txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb dua kom txuas mus rau lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, vim tus password yuav tsis tas yuav kis mus thoob lub network.
-
Tsim cov ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub computer los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov lus txib
$ mkdir.ssh
-
Tsim cov pej xeem thiab ntiag tug yuam sij los ntawm kev siv cov lus txib
$ ssh-keygen nws rsa
- Koj yuav raug nug yog tias koj xav tsim cov kab lus dhau los rau cov yuam sij; qhov no yog nyob ntawm yeem. Yog tias koj tsis xav tsim cov lus zais, nyem Enter. Qhov no yuav tsim ob tus yuam sij hauv.ssh phau ntawv teev npe: id_rsa thiab id_rsa.pub
-
Hloov koj tus yuam sij ntiag tug kev tso cai. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias tus yuam sij ntiag tug tsuas yog nyeem tau los ntawm koj, sau cov lus txib
$ chmod 600.ssh/id_rsa
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab tus yuam sij pej xeem tso rau ntawm lub computer deb
Thaum koj cov yuam sij raug tsim, koj tau npaj tso tus yuam sij pej xeem ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb kom koj tuaj yeem txuas tau yam tsis muaj tus password. Nkag mus rau cov lus txib hauv qab no, hloov qhov tsim nyog raws li tau piav qhia ua ntej:
-
$ scp.ssh/id_rsa.pub @:
- Nco ntsoov suav nrog cov nyuv (:) tom kawg ntawm qhov hais kom ua.
- Koj yuav raug nug kom nkag mus koj tus password ua ntej pib hloov ntaub ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nruab qhov tseem ceeb rau pej xeem ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb
Thaum koj tau tso tus yuam sij ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, koj yuav tsum tau teeb nws kom nws ua haujlwm raug. Ua ntej, nkag mus rau lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb ib yam nkaus li koj tau ua hauv Kauj Ruam 3.
-
Tsim SSH nplaub tshev ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, yog tias nws tsis muaj nyob tam sim no:
$ mkdir.ssh
-
Ntxiv koj tus yuam sij rau cov ntawv tso cai yuam sij. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tseem tsis tau muaj, nws yuav raug tsim:
$ miv id_rsa.pub >>.ssh/tso cai_key
-
Hloov qhov kev tso cai rau SSH daim ntawv tso cai nkag mus:
$ chmod 700.ssh
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb xyuas tias qhov kev sib txuas ua haujlwm
Thaum tus yuam sij tau teeb tsa ntawm lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm pib kev sib txuas yam tsis tau nug kom nkag mus rau koj tus password. Nkag mus rau cov lus txib hauv qab no los sim qhov kev sib txuas:
$ ssh @
