Qhov wikiHow no qhia koj li cas los npaj thiab tsim kho lub operating system yog tias koj tsis paub yuav ua li cas rau hauv C, lossis C ++. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tswj hwm khoos phis tawj khoos phis tawj thiab muab cov peev txheej uas daim ntawv thov xav tau los khiav. Kev sau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm los ntawm kos yuav tsum tau hais kom muaj zog ntawm computer science, hom lus sau zoo li C lossis C ++, sib dhos, thiab kev tswj hwm kev coj ua.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Kawm Cov Hauv Paus
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm qee yam kev kawm Computer Science yooj yim
Tsis zoo li kev txhim kho rau lub vev xaib, tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm, khoos phis tawj khoos phis tawj, thiab kev tswj hwm peev txheej. Tib neeg tau txais qib hauv cov khoom no, yog li tsis txhob cia siab tias yuav sau tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tom qab nyeem cov ntawv qhia online! Harvard's Intro to Computer Science chav kawm muaj nyob online los ntawm EDX yam tsis tau them nqi.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kawm qib lus qib siab zoo li Python
Thaum koj tau txais kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb computer, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog kom paub C thiab/lossis C ++. Zoo li kev kawm txog computer science, kev paub lus tsis yog xaiv tau-koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm sau tus txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem sau cov ntawv thov tau.
Yog tias koj yog tus tshiab rau C, txheeb xyuas Dartmouth's C Programming: Pib Pib kawm, uas yog pub dawb los ntawm EDX. Thaum koj ua tiav cov chav kawm ntawd, koj tuaj yeem kawm chav kawm tom ntej hauv koob: C Programming: Cov Hauv Paus Kev Hais Lus. Tom qab ntawd, txav mus rau cov chav kawm tom ntej xws li Modular Programming thiab Memory Management thiab Taw Qhia thiab Kev Tswj Nco
Kauj Ruam 3. Kawm cov lus sib dhos
Cov lus sib dhos yog cov lus qib qis tsim los sib tham nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Txij li kev sib dhos sib txawv rau cov txheej txheem sib txawv (piv txwv li, x86 sib dhos Lus rau Intel, AMD, VIA, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem), koj yuav tsum tau kawm cov ntawv rau hom kev ua haujlwm uas koj tau ua rau.
- Phau ntawv qhib-qhov no, yog nyeem tag nrho, tuaj yeem muab kev nkag siab txaus rau koj los tsim kev ua haujlwm.
- Kev Kos Duab Los Ua Ke Lus yog phau ntawv pom zoo hais txog kev sib dhos muaj nyob hauv thiab offline.
- Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum ua kev tshawb fawb ntau ntxiv txog hom processor (s) uas koj lub operating system yuav tsum ua. Cov ntawv qhia rau kev tsim kho vajtse tuaj yeem nrhiav tau yooj yim siv Google tshawb nrhiav ("Intel Phau Ntawv Qhia," "ARM phau ntawv qhia," thiab lwm yam).
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua kom tiav kev qhia ua haujlwm
Cov lus qhia OS yuav taug kev koj los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yooj yim. Qhov no tau txais koj siv rau cov txheej txheem thiab pab koj txiav txim siab yog tias muaj ib daim uas koj tab tom ploj lawm. Thaum koj tau ua tiav kev qhia lossis ob, koj yuav zoo ntawm koj txoj hauv kev los tsim koj li kev ua haujlwm.
- Bare Bones yog kev qhia uas pab koj sau koj thawj 32-ntsis yooj yim. Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev qhia, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog siv Meaty Skeleton los teeb tsa koj tus kheej kev ua haujlwm.
- Linux los ntawm Kos yog phau ntawv online uas taug kev koj los ntawm kev tsim koj tus kheej Linux kev ua haujlwm.
- Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm los ntawm 0 txog 1 yog phau ntawv pub dawb hais txog kev tsim ntau yam haujlwm ua haujlwm txij thaum pib kom tiav.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txheeb xyuas koj lub hom phiaj kev ua haujlwm
Koj xav kom koj lub operating system ua dab tsi? Nws yuav tsum saib zoo li cas? Koj puas yuav tsum tau sau tag nrho cov kab ke ua haujlwm lossis koj tsuas yog tab tom nrhiav los tsim qee yam zoo rau koj lub desktop? Nov yog txhua yam uas yuav tau txiav txim siab ua ntej pib ua tus lej.
- Xav txog kev txhim kho nrog pab pawg ntawm lwm tus programmer. Muaj pab pawg tsim tawm ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm yuav txiav lub sijhawm txhim kho kom zoo.
- Ntxiv koj cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, phiaj xwm, thiab cov lus nug rau koj qhov chaw cia pej xeem kom yooj yim rau lwm tus los pab koj.
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Tsim Koj Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv ib puag ncig kev txhim kho
Nov yog lub platform koj yuav siv los sau koj lub operating system tshiab. Nws yog teeb meem ntawm tus kheej nyiam, tab sis cov neeg feem ntau siv Windows lossis qhov qab ntawm UNIX. Yog tias koj siv Windows, nws yog lub tswv yim zoo los teeb tsa UNIX ib puag ncig zoo li Cygwin lossis MinGW. Koj yuav feem ntau xav kom ntseeg tau tias ib puag ncig koj tab tom siv suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- GCC (Gnu tus sau). Yog tias koj siv Windows, koj tuaj yeem nruab nws hauv Cygwin lossis MinGW.
- Binutils yog kev sau cov cuab yeej siv los tswj cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom. Ib zaug ntxiv, yog tias koj siv Windows, koj tuaj yeem nruab nws hauv Cygwin.
- Ib tus ntawv zoo editor. Vim thiab emacs feem ntau siv hauv UNIX ib puag ncig. Cov neeg siv Windows tuaj yeem siv Notepad, lossis tshawb xyuas Notepad ++ rau kev hloov pauv ntau lub tab.
- Perl thiab/lossis Python. Ib lossis ob qho raug pom zoo rau txoj hlua khi.
Kauj Ruam 2. Teeb koj li kev tswj hwm version
Sau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm txhais tau tias koj yuav tsim ntau pua (lossis ntau txhiab!) Ntawm kab ntawm cov cai. Thaum koj tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho dua, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis meej pem. Qee qhov kev xaiv los tshuaj xyuas yog CVS, Mercurial, thiab Kev Hloov Pauv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim siab txog lub bootloader
Yog tias koj tsis xav tsim koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov uas twb muaj lawm zoo li Grand Unified Bootloader (GRUB). Yog tias koj xav tias txaus txaus rau tus lej bootloader, txheeb xyuas Rolling Your Own Bootloader ntawm OSDev.org.
Kauj Ruam 4. Xaiv lub kernel tsim
Kernel yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub operating system, muab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus neeg siv thiab khoos phis tawj khoos phis tawj. Muaj monolithic kernels thiab micro kernels. Monolithic kernels siv txhua qhov kev pabcuam hauv kernel, thaum microkernels muaj cov kernel me me ua ke nrog cov neeg siv daemons siv cov kev pabcuam. Feem ntau, monolithic kernels tau nrawm dua, tab sis microkernels muaj qhov ua txhaum zoo dua qub thiab ntseeg tau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Pib me me
Pib nrog yam me me xws li tso saib cov ntawv thiab cuam tshuam ua ntej txav mus rau yam xws li kev tswj hwm kev nco thiab ua haujlwm ntau. Koj tseem tuaj yeem sim ua qhov yooj yim 16-ntsis Kev Ua Haujlwm, tsis txhob ua qhov dhia loj.
Koj yuav tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm puv sijhawm hauv ob lub lis piam. Pib nrog OS uas khau raj, tom qab ntawd txav mus rau qhov khoom txias
Kauj Ruam 6. Kuaj koj lub tshuab ua haujlwm tshiab nrog lub tshuab virtual
Tsis yog rov pib dua koj lub khoos phis tawj txhua lub sijhawm koj hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj txhim kho mus rau koj lub tshuab ntsuas, siv daim ntawv thov tshuab virtual. VMWare yog ib qho kev xaiv uas ua haujlwm nrog ob lub Windows thiab Linux, thiab yog li Bochs. Txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag taus thiab lwm yam kab thiab kho lawv raws li xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tso tawm "tso tawm tus neeg sib tw
Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm kev xa koj cov cai ntsuas mus rau koj lub chaw cia khoom pej xeem. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau tib neeg sim koj li kev ua haujlwm thiab tshaj tawm rov qab ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem uas lawv ua.
Kauj Ruam 8. Network nrog lwm cov tsim tawm kev ua haujlwm
Muaj tag nrho cov zej zog ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim tawm sib sau ua ke ntawm ntau lub rooj sab laj, suav nrog /r /osdev ntawm Reddit thiab Software Engineering Stack Exchange. Ib qho uas koj tau nkag siab txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yooj yim, nyeem cov ntawv uas twb muaj lawm los saib seb yam khoom zoo li cas thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Nco ntsoov siv cov yam ntxwv ruaj ntseg ua koj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias koj xav kom koj lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tau zoo.
- Tom qab txhua txoj kev txhim kho tiav, txiav txim siab yog tias koj xav tso cov cai raws li qhib qhov chaw, lossis tus tswv.
- Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntau tus txheej txheem, koj Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Nco yuav tsum muaj "ntsuas phoo" cov txheej txheem los tiv thaiv ntau tus txheej txheem los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov peev txheej tib lub sijhawm. Cov "ntsuas phoo" siv rau qhov no yuav xav tau muaj lub sijhawm teem tseg kom paub tseeb tias tsuas yog ib tus txheej txheem nkag mus rau cov peev txheej tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub sijhawm thiab txhua qhov lwm tus tau ua tos. Tseem tsis tau teem sijhawm nyob ntawm qhov muaj tus Thawj Coj Nco. Qhov no yog rooj plaub ntawm kev vam khom nyob ruaj khov. Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los daws teeb meem zoo li no; raws li tus programmer, koj yuav tsum muaj txuj ci txaus los txheeb xyuas nws tus kheej txoj hauv kev los daws nws.
- Lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tuaj yeem siv tus phooj ywg zoo ib yam nkaus. Nco ntsoov ntxiv cov neeg siv tus yam ntxwv zoo, ua cov no yog ib feem ntawm koj tus tsim.
- Tsis koom nrog OSDev.org cov rooj sib tham thiab pib nug cov lus nug meej. Nws yuav tsuas ua rau "Nyeem Phau Ntawv Qhia" lus teb. Koj yuav tsum sim nyeem Wikipedia, thiab phau ntawv qhia rau ntau yam cuab yeej uas koj xav siv.
- Tsis txhob pib ib qhov txheej txheem ua haujlwm los pib kawm lub cajmeem. Yog tias koj tseem tsis tau paub C, C ++, Pascal, lossis qee yam lus tsim nyog sab hauv, suav nrog kev ntsuas tus lej, kev tswj qis me ntsis, hloov me ntsis, kab lus sib dhos ua ke, thiab lwm yam, koj tsis tau npaj rau kev txhim kho kev khiav haujlwm.
- Yog tias koj ua qee yam tsis raug qhia, xws li sau random bytes rau qhov chaw nres nkoj I/O random, koj yuav tsoo koj li OS, thiab tuaj yeem (hauv kev xav) kib koj cov cuab yeej.
