Xam PDF yog qhov yooj yim tiag tiag, peb cog lus! Kab lus no yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas rau koj li kev hais tawm, txawm tias koj siv MLA, APA, lossis Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv. Hauv qab no koj yuav pom cov txheej txheem txheej txheem rau txhua tus qauv, ntxiv rau qee qhov piv txwv PDF citation.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Npaj Ua Ntawv PDFs
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog
Rau ob qho tib si hauv kab thiab cov ntaub ntawv teev npe, koj yuav tsum paub cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim txog nws tsim.
- Cov Ntawv Xov Xwm: Koj yuav tsum luam tus sau lub npe, lub npe ntawm tsab xov xwm, lub npe ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm, tus lej ntim, tus lej tus lej, hnub tshaj tawm, nplooj ntawv tus lej ntawm lub cev, thiab lub vev xaib chaw nyob ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm.
- Ebooks: Koj yuav xav paub tus sau lub npe, lub npe ntawm phau ntawv, tus tshaj tawm, qhov chaw tshaj tawm, xyoo tshaj tawm, hnub nkag, thiab lub vev xaib uas ebook tuaj yeem nyob. Qee lub sijhawm, cov tshaj tawm ntawm cov phau ntawv lub cev yuav tawm-qhov chaw tsim cov ebooks. Yog tias qhov no yog, tus tshaj tawm cais yuav raug teev rau ebook version. Koj yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv rau ob tus tshaj tawm.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv hom twg uas koj xav siv
Cov qauv siv feem ntau hauv kev kawm thiab kev tshaj lij yog MLA, APA, thiab Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv (qee zaum tseem hu ua "Turabian" tom qab tus qauv phau ntawv tus kws kho mob). Xaiv cov qauv siv los ntawm koj daim teb, lossis cov style uas tau hais tseg raws li koj nyiam lossis kev ua haujlwm.
- Siv MLA yog tias koj kawm ntaub ntawv, kos duab, lossis tib neeg tib neeg.
- Siv APA yog tias koj kawm txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, kev kawm, kev paub lus, lossis lwm yam kev kawm txog tib neeg. Kev sau xov xwm thiab kev sib txuas lus feem ntau siv APA style ib yam.
- Siv Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tus Kheej yog tias koj kawm keeb kwm, keeb kwm kev nom tswv, ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, lossis kev sau xov xwm thiab kev sib txuas lus. Kev tshaj tawm thiab hloov kho feem ntau siv daim ntawv ntawm Chicago style.
- Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, tus tshaj tawm tuaj yeem thov qhov tshwj xeeb citation style uas tsis nquag siv hauv qhov chaw, lossis tuaj yeem xa koj mus rau lawv tus kheej "hauv-tsev" cov lus qhia. Siv txhua yam uas tsim nyog rau koj qhov kev sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ntxig cov kab ntawv hauv kab lus tom qab koj tau hais txog cov ntawv
Yog tias koj xav kom zam kev foob ntawm kev dag ntxias, koj yuav ntxig cov lus cuav rau hauv lub cev ntawm koj cov ntawv. Koj lub hom phiaj yog qhia rau tus nyeem ntawv tias cov ntaub ntawv nyuam qhuav nthuav tawm yog coj los ntawm lwm tus neeg sau. Nws qhia tus nyeem ntawv tias koj muaj kev paub zoo hauv cov ntawv nyeem uas twb muaj lawm thiab koj txaus siab los tsim tawm ntawm lwm tus neeg txoj haujlwm.
Qhov kev hais tawm mus, thiab hom kev citation, nyob ntawm seb koj siv hom twg. Piv txwv rau txhua tus qauv loj tau muab rau hauv kab lus no
Kauj Ruam 4. Format koj phau ntawv teev npe kom raug
Kawm paub yuav ua li cas txhawm rau sau cov ntawv sau/ua haujlwm nplooj ntawv hais tawm. Nyob ntawm tus qauv uas koj txiav txim siab, koj yuav tsum ua raws cov lus qhia sib txawv. Rau feem ntau, koj yuav tsum ua tus lej ntawm koj cov peev txheej.
Qhov twg lub npe kab ntawv mus, yuav ua li cas nws raug teeb tsa, thiab qhov sib nrug nruab nrab ntawm txhua qhov nkag sib txawv nyob ntawm seb koj puas siv MLA, APA, lossis Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Txheeb Raws Li MLA Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav tus sau
Txhawm rau muab cov ntaub ntawv MLA ua tiav, koj yuav tsum muab tus sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab nplooj ntawv tus lej ntawm koj qhov kev siv (thaum ua tau). Yog tias tus sau tau hais hauv nqe lus, tsuas yog muab tus lej nplooj ntawv tso rau hauv kab lus: Raws li Spiers, tsev kawm qib siab tau dhau los kim heev (48). Txwv tsis pub, siv niam txiv ob lub npe thiab tus lej nplooj ntawv tom kawg ntawm kab lus lossis hais tawm: Qee qhov sib cav tias tsev kawm qib siab tau dhau los kim heev (Spiers 48).
- Yog tias muaj ob tus kws sau ntawv, muab ob lub xeem lub npe nyob rau hauv kab lus nrog "thiab" nyob hauv nruab nrab tom qab los ntawm nplooj ntawv tus lej: Cov dev tau hloov pauv nrog tib neeg (Draper thiab Simpson 68).
- Yog tias muaj ntau dua ob tus kws sau ntawv, siv tus lej cim cais cov sau phau ntawv lub xeem tom qab tus lej nplooj ntawv: Paj ntaub yuav tsum suav tias yog "daim duab zoo" (Kozinsky, King, thiab Chappell 56).
- Yog tias tsis muaj tus sau npe, siv lub tsev haujlwm lub npe: Dinosaurs tau ploj mus ntau lab xyoo dhau los (Smithsonian 21).
- Yog tias tsis muaj lub tsev txhab nyiaj tau txais, tsuas yog pib qhov kev hais tawm nrog lub npe ntawm daim: Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, dej qab zib yuav tsum tsis txhob haus ntau dhau ("Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv caffeine" 102).
- MLA cov kab lus hais hauv kab ntawv yuav tsum tsis qhia seb puas yog lossis tsis yog koj lub hauv paus hauv PDF ntawv.
- Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej no, kev hais ua lus niam txiv mus ua ntej kab lus kawg ntawm kab lus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib nplooj ntawv naj npawb
Qee cov ebooks thiab PDF cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov nplooj ntawv ruaj khov, qhov twg cov nplooj ntawv tsis hloov pauv nyob ntawm koj cov zaub. Yog tias koj cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov nplooj ntawv ruaj khov, siv lawv.. Yog tias tsis muaj tus lej nplooj, tsis txhob sim muab rau lawv. Koj tuaj yeem hais tawm los ntawm tshooj lossis ntu dua.
- Piv txwv, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas PDF yam tsis muaj tus lej nplooj ntawv uas tau muab faib ua ntu, koj tuaj yeem hais tawm nws los ntawm ntu: Raws li Blankenship, kev haus caffeine yuav tsum txwv rau 200mg ib hnub (ch. 2).
- Yog tias PDF lossis ebook tsis tau muab faib ua ntu ntu twg tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas, suav cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho thiab tsis muab cov lej nplooj ntawv: Blankenship txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv caffeine, "Zoo heev li, Joe?" qhia tias kev haus caffeine yuav tsum txwv rau 200mg ib hnub.
Kauj Ruam 3. Cite ebook PDFs hauv MLA phau ntawv teev keeb kwm
Raws li MLA cov lus qhia, koj yuav tsum qhia seb hom ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob twg koj tau siv rau hauv ebooks, xws li "file PDF" lossis "Kindle file."
- Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau lub npe. '' Phau Ntawv Teev Npe ''. Qhov Chaw Tshaj Tawm: Publisher, Xyoo Luam Tawm. Ebook tus tshaj tawm, Xyoo Tshaj Tawm Ebook. Hom ntawv.
- Piv txwv li: Smith, John. Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws. London: Great Publishing House, 2010. Google Books, 2011. PDF file. 1 Hlis ntuj nqeg 2012.
- Yog tias koj li ebook tsis yog ntaub ntawv PDF, hais txog hom ntaub ntawv koj muaj. Piv txwv li: Smith, John. Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws. London: Great Publishing House, 2010. Kindle file.
Kauj Ruam 4. Cite phau ntawv xov xwm PDFs hauv MLA hom ntawv sau
Hauv koj li haujlwm hais txog nplooj ntawv, hais txog cov ntawv xov xwm uas koj nkag los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv online los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm ib yam li koj xav tau rau cov ntawv luam tawm. Qhov no yog ua raws los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv online uas koj pom kab lus thiab nruab nrab (Web), nrog rau hnub uas koj nkag mus saib cov ntaub ntawv.
- Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau lub npe. "Tsab ntawv teev npe." Cov Ntawv Sau Npe Sau Npe Tus lej. Tus lej naj npawb (Hnub tshaj tawm): nplooj ntawv naj npawb. Lub npe database. Nruab nrab. Hnub nkag mus.
- Piv txwv li: Doe, Jane. "Cov ntsiab lus ntxim nyiam." Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm Txog Citation 4.7 (2006): 82-5. Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Zoo. Web. 20 Kaum Ib Hlis 2012.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nco ntsoov seb phau ntawv xov xwm yog los ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm online nkaus xwb
Qee cov ntawv xov xwm kev kawm tam sim no tsuas muaj online thiab tsis muab PDFs nrog pagination. Yog tias koj li PDF yog los ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm online nkaus xwb thiab tsis muaj tus lej nplooj, ua raws tus qauv yooj yim rau koj li haujlwm tau hais tseg nplooj ntawv tab sis ntxiv cov lus n. paj.” qhov chaw ntawm cov nplooj ntawv.
Piv txwv li: Doe, Jane. "Cov ntsiab lus ntxim nyiam." Online Journal of Citation Information 4.7 (2006): n.pag. Web. 20 Kaum Ib Hlis 2012
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Txheeb Raws Li APA Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntxig rau hauv kab APA siv kom raug
Sau tus sau (lub xeem lossis lub npe lub koom haum) thiab xyoo nyob rau hauv kab lus nrog tus lej cim nruab nrab. Yog tias koj rub cov lus ncaj qha los ntawm cov ntawv qub, ntxiv "p." thiab ib qho chaw ua ntej tus lej nplooj ntawv yog tias nqe lus yog nqe ncaj qha. Yog tias tus sau twb tau hais hauv nqe lus lawm, muab lub xyoo nyob rau hauv kab lus nyob ib sab ntawm lub npe (thiab sau tus lej nplooj ntawv nyob rau hauv kab lus nyob rau tom kawg ntawm nqe lus, yog tias tsim nyog). Tso qhov kev hais ua ntej ua cim cim cim cim kawg. Yog tias muaj ob lossis peb tus kws sau ntawv nyob hauv kab lus, siv "&" hloov "thiab". Koj tsis tas yuav qhia tias qhov chaw no nyob hauv PDF ntawv ntawm no.
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Cov kws tshaj lij kev kawm qib siab xav tias "kev kawm yog riam phom muaj zog tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem siv los hloov lub ntiaj teb" (Mandela, 1996, p. 35).
- Yog tias koj cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj tus lej nplooj thiab koj xav siv cov lus hais ncaj qha, muab tus lej nab npawb: Cov kws tshaj lij kev kawm qib siab xav tias "kev kawm yog riam phom muaj zog tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem siv los hloov lub ntiaj teb" (Mandela, 1996, nqe lus. 18).
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov lus luv luv hauv cov lus hais: Cov kws tshaj lij kev kawm qib siab xav tias "kev kawm yog riam phom muaj zog tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem siv los hloov lub ntiaj teb" (Mandela, 1996, "Ob peb lo lus ntawm kev kawm").
Kauj Ruam 2. Hom ebook PDFs hauv APA hom ntawv raug rau koj phau ntawv sau
Hauv APA tus qauv, koj yuav tsum hais qhia hom ntaub ntawv uas koj tau tham hauv cov kab zauv, xws li [Cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa] lossis [PowerPoint swb] Yog tias koj siv hom ntawv ebook muaj tswv, xws li Kindle file, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov no ib yam.
- Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau thawj zaug. (Xyoo luam tawm). '' Phau ntawv npe '' [PDF ntawv]. Muaj los ntawm lub vev xaib:
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Smith, J. (2011). Qhov tshiab zoo heev [PDF file]. Muaj los ntawm
- Rau cov ntawv ntiag tug, muab e-nyeem ntawv hauv cov kab zauv: Smith, J. (2011). Cov ntawv tshiab zoo heev [Kindle DX file]. Tau txais los ntawm
Kauj Ruam 3. Hloov cov ntawv xov xwm PDFs hauv APA hom ntawv kom raug rau koj cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg
APA style tsis siv "lub npe lub npe" rau cov ntawv xov xwm lub npe. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tsuas yog siv thawj lo lus ntawm lub npe. Tsis txhob siv cov lus hais los teev cov npe.
- Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau thawj zaug. (Xyoo luam tawm). Lub npe ntawm kab lus [PDF file]. Cov ntawv xov xwm npe, tus lej ntim (tus lej tus lej), tus lej nplooj ntawv. Tau txais los ntawm lub vev xaib:
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Doe, J. (2006). Nthuav tawm cov ntawv sau [PDF file]. Online Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Ntaub Ntawv Citation, 4 (3), 82-5. Tau txais los ntawm
- Nco ntsoov tias cov lej ntim tau yog cov ntawv qaij tab sis tus lej qhov teeb meem (hauv kab lus) tsis yog!
- Yog tias koj tsab ntawv suav nrog tus lej doi, muab qhov no rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev hais tawm.
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Txheeb Raws Li Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv Qauv
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv Chicago Phau Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm cov lej hauv qab
Ntxiv tus lej tus lej tom kawg ntawm kab lus. Qhov no paub tias yog tus lej hauv qab. Hauv MS Word, nyem rau ntawm "Insert" thiab tom qab ntawd "Insert Footnote". Tom qab ntawd hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv, koj yuav ntxig daim ntawv sib xws.
- Txog ebooks, siv hom ntawv no: Tus sau lub npe (thawj lub npe kawg), Lub Npe Ntawm Phau Ntawv (Qhov chaw tshaj tawm: Tshaj Tawm, Xyoo Tshaj Tawm), tus naj npawb nplooj ntawv, chaw nyob web.
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Yav dhau los, cov kws txawj ntse zoo li HG Wells tau sib cav tias "Tib neeg keeb kwm dhau los ua kev sib tw ntawm kev kawm thiab kev puas tsuaj loj." sau: HG Wells, Tus Txheej Txheem Keeb Kwm (London: MacMillan, 1921), 1100,
- Txog cov ntawv xov xwm hauv cov ntawv PDF, koj tsis tas yuav qhia hom ntawv rau cov lus hauv qab. Tsuas yog siv: Tus sau lub npe (xub thawj lub xeem), "Kab lus lub npe," Cov Ntawv Sau Npe Phau Ntawv Sau Tus lej, Tus lej naj npawb (Hnub luam tawm): Tus naj npawb nplooj ntawv.
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Natalie Zemon Davis sib cav hauv nws tsab xov xwm "Rites ntawm Kev Ua Phem" uas cov neeg tawm tsam kev ntseeg tau saib lawv kev ua phem raws li "kev ua kom huv." [ntxig tus lej hauv qab no] Hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv, nyob ib sab ntawm tus lej sib xws, koj yuav sau: Natalie Zemon Davis, "Kev Ua Phem ntawm Kev Ua Phem: Kev Ua Phem Rau Kev Ruaj Ntseg hauv Xteenth-Century Fabkis" Yav tas los & Tam sim no 59, tsis muaj. 3 (1973): 51.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxig ib phau ntawv ebook PDF siv hauv Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv hauv cov ntawv sau
Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau lub npe. Phau ntawv Title PDF file. Qhov chaw tshaj tawm: Tus tshaj tawm, Hnub tshaj tawm. Hom ntawv. Chaw nyob.
Piv txwv yooj yim: Smith, John. Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws. London: Great Publishing House, 2010. PDF e-book.https://www.books.google.com
Kauj Ruam 3. Ntxig ib phau ntawv xov xwm PDF siv hauv Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv ua cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm
Koj tsis tas yuav hais tawm hom ntaub ntawv rau koj cov ntaub ntawv. Muab tus doi lossis lub vev xaib chaw nyob hloov chaw.
- Hom ntawv yooj yim yog: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau lub npe. "Kab lus lub npe." Cov ntawv xov xwm lub npe Cov lej, Tus lej naj npawb (Hnub luam tawm): nplooj ntawv naj npawb. doi:
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Doe, Jane. "Cov Ntawv Zoo Tshaj Plaws." Online Journal of Citation Information 4, tsis muaj. 7 (2006): 82-5. ua: 12.345/abc123-456.
- Yog tias koj tsis muaj doi, siv hom ntawv no: Tus sau lub xeem, Tus sau lub npe. "Kab lus lub npe." Cov ntawv xov xwm lub npe Cov lej, Tus lej naj npawb (Hnub luam tawm): nplooj ntawv naj npawb. Hnub nkag.
- Piv txwv yooj yim: Doe, Jane. "Cov Ntawv Zoo Tshaj Plaws." Online Journal of Citation Information 4, tsis muaj. 7 (2006): 82-5. Qhov chaw nyob Nkag Mus Rau Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20, 2012.
