SQL sawv cev rau Cov Lus Nug Tus Qauv thiab tau tsim los ntawm IBM hauv 70s los cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv txheeb ze. Nws yog hom lus ib txwm siv rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, tseem nyeem tau yooj yim thiab nws yooj yim los kawm cov hauv paus (txawm hais tias cov lus tuaj yeem muaj zog heev).
Cov kauj ruam
Kauj Ruam 1. 'SQL' feem ntau hais tawm 'S-Q-L' (Cov Qauv Lus Nug)
SQL tau pib tsim ntawm IBM los ntawm Donald D. Chamberlin thiab Raymond F. Boyce thaum xyoo 1970s. Cov ntawv no hu ua SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language).
Kauj Ruam 2. Muaj ntau yam lus hais ntawm SQL tab sis feem ntau siv cov cav database niaj hnub no ua raws SQL99 tus qauv los ntawm ANSI, thiab ntau tus neeg muag khoom tau siv cov yam ntxwv ntxiv los txuas ntxiv tus qauv ntawd (Microsoft 'tsw' ntawm SQL hu ua T-SQL lossis Hloov -SQL, Oracle version yog PL/SQL)
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau Txais Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tawm
Nov yog qhov nws feem ntau yog txhua yam hais txog. Txog qhov no peb siv SELECT nqe lus; nws yuav nug lossis khaws cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm SQL database.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim yuav yog ib yam xws li:
'xaiv * los ntawm tblMyCDList' uas yuav tau txais txhua kab (qhov ntawd yog qhov * los hauv) thiab kab hauv kab lus 'tblMyCDList'.
Kauj Ruam 5. Cov lus nug feem ntau nyuaj dua qhov no
Qhov xaiv tuaj yeem siv los thuam tawm kab tshwj xeeb thiab kab tawm ntawm lub rooj thiab tseem txuas cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau lub rooj lossis, rau qhov teeb meem ntawd, cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv ua ke.
Kauj Ruam 6. Yog tias peb xav lim cov kab rov qab los ntawm cov lus xaiv, qhov chaw uas xav tau los ua kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg rov qab
'xaiv * los ntawm tblMyCDList qhov twg CDid = 27' yuav khaws cov kab uas teb CDid sib npaug rau 27. Los yog 'xaiv * los ntawm tblAttribute qhov twg strCDName zoo li' Dark Side%'' siv daim npav qus sawv cev rau xoom lossis ntau zaus ntawm ib tus cim thiab yuav cia siab qhia tias kuv sau tau muaj kuv nyiam Pink Floyd album.
Kauj Ruam 7. INSERT thiab Hloov kho cov lus tau siv los ntxiv thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv hauv SQL database (txheeb xyuas cov kab ntawv txuas hauv qab no rau qee qhov kev qhia zoo uas tuaj yeem coj koj mus ntxiv)
Kauj Ruam 8. Tsab ntawv DELETE yog siv los tshem cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm SQL database
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los txuas rau SQL cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv los ntawm Microsoft Access (nws cov cuab yeej nug tau tuaj yeem siv hauv SQL hom txawm hais tias cov syntax muaj qhov sib txawv los ntawm qhov uas siv nrog SQL Server thiab lwm yam databases).
- Hauv Linux, cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv nrov tshaj plaws yuav yog MySQL thiab PostgreSQL. Yog tias lub console zoo li tsis yooj yim, siv ExecuteQuery lossis qee qhov zoo sib xws qhib qhov cuab yeej.
- Microsoft Query yog cov cuab yeej uas los nrog Windows - nws muaj cov duab lossis SQL cov lus nug.
- Siv wamp lossis xampp yooj yim web server nrog phpmyadmin (mysql)
- Phau ntawv hauv qab no yuav pab tau: Kline, Kevin, Daniel Kline thiab Hom Hunt. 2001. SQL hauv Nutshell. 2nd tsab. O'Reilly & Cov Koom Tes, Inc.
Lus ceeb toom
- Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas feem ntau txhais tau tias 'cov kab ke uas cov neeg siv saib cov ntaub ntawv ua ke sib sau ua ke los ntawm ib qho los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig' uas feem ntau tau ua raws li 'kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm qhov system' (RDBMS) zoo li MySQL, Sybase, SQL Server lossis Oracle. Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas nruj me ntsis ua raws EF 'Ted' Codd's 'Kaum Ob Lub Ntsiab Cai ntawm Kev Txheeb Ze Cov Ntaub Ntawv'. Nws tuaj yeem sib cav (thiab feem ntau yog) Kev Nkag mus kuj tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas, Microsoft yeej hais tias nws yog, tab sis txoj kev uas lub tshuab tsim tau ua rau nws ua 'Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM)' database lossis cov ntaub ntawv tiaj tus. Qhov sib txawv tsis yooj yim kom pom ntawm qhov chaw vim tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd, Nkag mus txawm tias nws tau siv nws tus kheej ntawm SQL, tab sis theej lawv poob qis hauv lub cav database lub siab tawv (saib https://www.ssw.com.au/ SSW/Database/DatabaseDocsLinks.aspx rau qhov kev piav qhia zoo ntawm qhov no). Txhua lwm yam sib npaug, qee qhov lus nug nyuaj hauv Kev Nkag mus yuav qeeb qeeb dua li hauv SQL Server. Qee qhov lus nug yooj yim yuav khiav qeeb hauv SQL Server.
- Lub ntsiab lus ntawm 'database' feem ntau tuaj yeem tsis meej pem; nws tuaj yeem siv los tham txog lub thawv ntim tiag tiag rau cov txheej ntawm cov rooj, zoo li CD khaws cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg lossis Master database. Qhov tseeb server software uas suav nrog lub database yog 'database engine' lossis 'database software' uas tuaj yeem muaj cov databases. Piv txwv yog SQL Server 2005 Express, MySQL lossis Access 2003.
