Kev tswj hwm huab cua (ATC) yog lub luag haujlwm muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov kws tsav dav hlau nyob ib puag ncig lub tshav dav hlau tsis khoom. Lawv sib tham nrog cov kws tsav dav hlau ntawm cov xov tooj cua uas xav tau kom ua haujlwm hauv tshav dav hlau kom ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab nyab xeeb. Lawv kev sib txuas lus kuj tseem siv tau rau pej xeem. Txawm hais tias koj yog tub ntxhais kawm tsav dav hlau, so tsav dav hlau lossis tsuas yog xav paub tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv cov phooj ywg saum ntuj, koj tuaj yeem mloog cov tswj huab cua hauv kev ua haujlwm txhua lub sijhawm.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Nrhiav Aviation Zaus
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav cov zaus nyob
Tau txais lub tshuab ntsuas xov tooj cua uas muaj peev xwm txais tau zaus ntawm 118.0 thiab 136.975 MHz. Cov npe zoo los tshuaj xyuas suav nrog Uniden, thiab Whistler. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov kev pabcuam dav dav los ntawm Icom, Yaesu, Grundig, Kenwood thiab lwm yam uas yuav tuaj yeem nqa cua ntau zaus. Koj zoo dua los xaiv lub tshuab luam ntawv zoo hloov ntawm chav dav dav, ua tsaug rau lub tshuab luam ntawv lub peev xwm los saib xyuas ntau zaus.
- Paub tias hauv xov tooj cua hluav taws xob, koj tau txais yam koj them rau. Ib lub tshuab luam ntawv los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov npe saum toj no yuav ua tau zoo dua lub npe tsis muaj npe uas thov kev pabcuam dav hlau. Feem ntau cov scanner khaws tag nrho ntawm lub dav hlau band.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem mloog cov chaw tswj huab cua los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov vev xaib suav nrog liveatc.net, globalair.com, airnav.com thiab radioreference.com.
Kauj Ruam 2. Khaws qee qhov ntawm qhov yooj yim zaus
- 121.5 yog qhov xwm txheej ceev. Yog tias muaj qee yam xwm txheej ceev, cov kws tsav dav hlau yuav kis rau nws. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem hnov lub teeb ceeb toom qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov zaus no yog lub dav hlau poob.
- 122.750 MHz yog qhov nquag siv dav dav dav dav rau huab cua sib txuas lus
- 123.025 MHz yog qhov ntau zaus rau cov dav hlau dav hlau mus rau huab cua sib txuas lus
- 123.450 MHz yog qhov "tsis raug cai" zaus rau kev sib txuas lus huab cua mus rau huab cua
- Tshawb nrhiav 122.0-123.65 rau Unicom (lub tshav dav hlau uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm) thiab huab cua rau huab cua sib txuas lus.
- Tshawb nrhiav 128.825-132.000 MHz rau ARINC zaus (dav hlau, tuam txhab dav hlau thiab dav dav dav dav hu ua ntej rau roj, nres tsheb, thiab lwm yam thov).
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Nyeem Aeronautical Sectional Charts
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav daim duab qhia dav hlau
Koj feem ntau yuav xav nrhiav daim duab qhia chaw ntawm koj thaj tsam ze ntawm tshav dav hlau ze tshaj plaws. Cov ntawv qub ntawm cov kab kos no feem ntau yuav ua haujlwm zoo xwb. Cov kab ntawv hauv online rau koj cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam muaj nyob ntawm www.skyvector.com
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav lub tshav dav hlau ze tshaj plaws ntawm daim duab
Cov tshav dav hlau tau hais los ntawm cov xim xiav lossis lub ntsej muag daj, nrog cov kab sab hauv sawv cev rau txoj kev khiav. Ib sab ntawm lub voj voog yog cov lus thaiv nrog lub tshav dav hlau lub npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub tshav dav hlau ntawd. Kev tswj hwm ntau zaus ntau zaus tau hais los ntawm CT - 000.0, qhov twg cov lej hauv qab no qhia qhov siv zaus los ntawm ATC. Piv txwv li, zaus rau Wittman Regional tshav dav hlau hauv Oshkosh, WI yog CT - 118.5.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab cov lus
Yog tias lub tshav dav hlau tsis muaj kev tswj hwm (tsis muaj pej thuam) lossis lub pej thuam ua haujlwm ib nrab sijhawm, C hauv ib lub voj voog tom qab tus lej zaus yuav raug siv los qhia txog Tus Txheej Txheem Qhia Txog Kev Siv Tsheb Ceev (CTAF). Lub hnub qub yuav yog tom qab ntau zaus ntau zaus los qhia lub tshav dav hlau ntawd raws li muaj ntau lub sijhawm ntauwd. Ntawm lub tshav dav hlau hom no, cov kws tsav dav hlau sib txuas lus ncaj qha nrog ib leeg thiab qhia ib leeg txog lawv txoj haujlwm thiab kev mob siab rau.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb xyuas lub tshav dav hlau
Txhua lub tshav dav hlau uas tau tswj hwm yuav raug hais los ntawm lub voj voog xiav, thaum lub tshav dav hlau uas tswj tsis tau yog magenta. Lub tshav dav hlau uas muaj kev khiav hla ntau dua 8, 000 ko taw (2, 438.4 m) tsis nyob ib puag ncig thiab tsuas muaj daim duab piav qhia txog txheej txheem kev khiav, uas tau hais tseg hauv xiav (tswj tau) lossis magenta (tswj tsis tau).
Kauj Ruam 5. Mloog kev kwv yees huab cua thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv tshav dav hlau thaum koj npaj yuav tsaws
Qee lub tshav dav hlau muaj AWOS (Automated Weather Observing System), ASOS (Automated Surface Observing System), lossis ATIS (Automated Terminal Information Service Service) zaus uas tau teev tseg hauv daim duab. Cov no yog siv lub tshuab lossis rov ua dua uas muab cov lus qhia dav hlau txog huab cua thiab lub tshav dav hlau thaum lawv npaj yuav tsaws lossis tawm mus.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom tiav daim ntawv teev cov zaus
Yog tias koj tau nkag mus rau lub tshav dav hlau/chaw teev npe, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau zaus ntau dua li cov muaj nyob hauv daim duab. Ntawm lub tshav dav hlau loj dua, cov kws tsav dav hlau tau txais lawv cov phiaj xwm kev ya dav hlau los ntawm qhov "tshem tawm kev xa tawm" ntau zaus, sib tham ntawm cov tsheb tavxij nrog "hauv av" ntau zaus, thiab tau txais kev tshem tawm thiab tsaws tawm ntawm "ntauwd" ntau zaus. Thaum cov kws tsav dav hlau ya saum nruab ntug, lawv yuav tham nrog "mus kom ze/tawm mus" ntau zaus, thiab ib zaug hauv txoj kev, lawv tseem tuaj yeem tham nrog "qhov chaw" zaus. Yog tias koj muaj hmoo lossis nyob ze txaus rau lub tshav dav hlau, koj yuav muaj peev xwm tau txais ob peb ntawm cov zaus no.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Kawm Kawm Lingo
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab tias tus kws tsav dav hlau pib nrog tus lej ID hauv dav hlau
Yog tus tswj hwm muab cov lus qhia rau tus tsav dav hlau, nws lossis nws yuav sau ua ntej nrog lub dav hlau tus lej cim. Rau kev ya dav hlau, qhov no tsuas yog tus lej ya, xws li United 2311. Lub dav hlau me dua tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm tus lej ntawm lawv tus tw.
Kauj Ruam 2. Mloog cov lus qhia los ntawm cov pej thuam tswj
Tom qab tus lej ya davhlau, tus tswj yuav muab cov lus qhia xws li "nkag mus rau hauv qab." Qhov no qhia tus kws tsav dav hlau kom nkag mus rau cov qauv kev mus los ntawm ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Tus tsav yuav rov nyeem cov lus qhia rov qab, yog li tus tswj hwm tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tias nws tau nkag siab raug.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj kom hloov koj li xov tooj cua
Qee zaum, cov tswj hwm yuav "tawm" tus tsav mus rau lwm zaus. Ib qho piv txwv yuav yog tus tswj hwm hais tias, "Kaum Ib Hlis-12345, hu rau Approach ntawm 124.32, hnub zoo." Ib zaug ntxiv, tus kws tsav dav hlau yuav rov nyeem cov lus qhia.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsaws ntawm lub tshav dav hlau uas tswj tsis tau
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshav dav hlau uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm yog yam tsis raug cai. Feem ntau, cov kws tsav dav hlau yuav tshaj tawm qhov muag tsis pom rau txhua tus ntawm qhov zaus, tshaj tawm lawv txoj haujlwm lossis kev xav. Cov lus zoo li "upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, and final" qhia txog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv tsheb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Kawm cov tsiaj ntawv phonetic
Cov kws tsav dav hlau thiab cov tswj hwm siv nws los sib tham cov tsiaj ntawv, vim tias feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem tsis meej pem. Koj kuj tseem yuav hnov lwm tus siv "niner" los sib tham "cuaj," "fife" los tham "tsib," lossis "ntoo" los sib tham "peb."
Lub tswv yim
- Nyeem Cov Dab Neeg Sectional tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav qhov zaus uas yuav nthuav.
- Tsis txhob poob siab yog tias koj tuaj yeem hnov ib sab ntawm kev sib tham. Koj yuav zoo li tsuas yog tuaj yeem hnov lub dav hlau thiab tsis yog lub chaw tswj hwm. Yog tias koj nyob ze rau lub tshav dav hlau, koj tuaj yeem hnov ATC thiab cov kws tsav dav hlau.
- Ntawm 'qhib-hauv' lub xov tooj cua app rau Roku lub thawv thiab iPod, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov sib txawv rau qhov loj (SFO, DCA, MIA, JFK, thiab lwm yam) thiab tshav dav hlau hauv nroog.
Lus ceeb toom
- Hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas koj hnov xwm txheej xwm txheej dhau ntawm ib puag ncig hauv lub tebchaws xws li lub dav hlau yuav tsoo, hu rau Kev Pab Cuam Xwm Ceev tam sim ntawd.
- Qee qhov "scanners" yeej yog "transceivers," uas tso cai rau ob txoj kev sib txuas lus. TSIS TXHOB sib txuas lus ntawm kev ya dav hlau. Kev rau txim hnyav heev!
- Thawj tsib feeb ntawm txhua teev tau teeb tsa rau kev ntsuas tus neeg xa xov xwm xwm txheej ceev, yog li kev nkag mus rau qhov xwm txheej ceev yuav nrov thaum lub sijhawm no, tab sis tsis txhob txhawj!
